[Sarkari-Naukri] Sarkari HR job

11:05 PM
Hi

Can someone guide me how do government sector hire HR people, and How
should i prepare for same?

Regards
Sakshi
hr_sakshi84@yahoo.com

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Vizag Steel Plant Paper

10:47 PM
VIZAG STEEL PLANT PAPER
 
1 An ice block submerged in the water, if the ice melts level of water (increase,decrease,remains same,none)

2 Simply supported beam with w point load at the middle, max. bending moment?(wl/4)

3 Simply supported beam with UDL ,max.deflection (wl4/384EI)

4 Cantilevel beam point load at tip,max.bending momemt comes at (end)

5 When bearing life L10 represents (bearings 10%survive,bearings 10% fails, none )

6 For welding high carbon steels which type of flame is used (oxidizing,carburizing,neutral,none)

7. Arrange the following cutting tools in decreasing order of machining hardness.Ceramics

8. When P1 and P2 are the loads acting on bearings with life L1 and L2 then L1/L2=?L1/L2={P2/P1}10/3

9.Product simplification does not mean??Product characterization

10 Which of the following process has the most scope in manufacturing? CAD/CAM, CAM, CIM, All the above.

11. Concurrent engineering means? (Manufacturing, designing, both,none)

12. Which manufacturing process yields higher output and increases worker productivity-(process layout,line+process,functional layout)

13. 18-4-1 represents-, Tungsten-Cr-Vn

14 For which material is negative allowance provided-(Graphite,steel,bronze,cast iron)

15. What is the recrystallisation temperature of tin- (60,300,1000,none)

16. What is the purpose of borax in soldering-

17. Top gates are provided in which type of casting-(Shallow casting,simple,complex,none)
 
18. Which statement is true regarding simple gear trains-(i/p and o/p shafts r fixed, each shaft has 2 gears, i/p & o/p shafts r moving)

19. What is the purpose of normalizing- (Refining of grain structure)

20. As the grain size is decreased-(Hardness increases,corrosion resistance decreases,both)

21. Isothermal gas is filled in a vessel at a pressure P and temperature T then considering the compressible forces as the height increases pressure ??(linearly increases linearly decreases exponentially increase )

22. A bottle is filled with water and air and is tied to a string and is rotated in horizontal direction. Then in which direction will air bubble travel?(bottom,neck,uniformly spread)

23. A empty bottle(in vaccum) filled with a gas at temp T and press P when the pressure of bottle reaches P temperature of the gas is _? (T,T/K,TK)

24. Bearing somerfield number _ with load on bearing? (increases,decreases,no change)

25. Critical radius for a sphere is-(2k/h)

26. Critical radius exist for_ (spherical,cylindrical,both,slab)

27. Convectional resistance/internal resistance is called (biot number)

28. Nusselt no. is? (hl/k)

29. EOQ=?

30 Which statement is true regarding critical path method? (i only one critical path exists for a network, more than one with same duration,)

31. Shipment cost,inspection cost,storage cost comes under_ (carrying cost ,holding cost,)

32. Ischronous governers sensitivity is- (zero,infinite)

33. self energized brakes are-(friction moment acts in the direction of application of force,opposite to the direction of force, does not need a force to act ,)

34 The ratio of heat capacities for evaporator and condenser is_ (Zero,infinity)

35. when steam and air mixture with partial pressure 0.06 and 0.07 enters a condenser what is the condenser pressure? (0.06,0.07,0.53,0.03)

36. In pulverized burning of coal heat transfer from boiler to water occurs through_( predominant radiation, convection, conduction, conduction+convection)

37. Rankine cycle efficiency for same parameters increases mostly with_(reheat, regeneration, super heating )

38. Ericson cycle with all reversible processes assume_(carnot cycle,stirling,brayton

39. Air delivery tank at outlet of reciprocating compressor is provided for_ (provide constant pressure, avoid cavitation, )

40. High speed centrifugal pump has _? (vanes faces in forward direction side,backward,radial vanes)

41. Thermal efficiency in decreasing order_? (Otto cycle>dual cycle>diesel cycle)

42. When a 1000 K body comes in contact with atmosphere at 300K a loss of 9000 KJ heat is transferred. The net available energy transferred is_
 
43. When entropy of a system increases_? (unavailable energy increases )

44. Rolling is a process widely used for_?
(I section,tubes)

45. Tool nomenclature_?

46. In francis turbine movement of steam?

47. For low power consumption _? (rake angle should be increased / decreased, nose angle increased/ decreased)

47. Continuous chips occur in_? (High speeds,low speeds,both,none)

48. Primary forces in a reciprocating engine_? (fully balanced, partially balanced, completely unbalanced, none)

49. In proximate analysis pyrogallol is used for analysis of which element_? (nitrogen,oxygen)

50. Sulphur content in fuel greatly affects_? (corrosion)

51. Heat transfer through radiation can be increased by_?
(decreasing emissivity and increases temperature of hot body)

52. which theory of failure clearly explains the failure in case of ductile material? (Maximun shear stress theory or Guests or trescas theory)

53. When a material is subjected to continuous cycles which limit is being verified? (Endurance limit)

54. where is stress concentration maximum? (notches, stress reducing throughcuts)

55. Power transmitted through a belt drive_? P(T2-T1)

56. According to Eulers theory crippling or buckling load is (Wcr = CÏ€2EI/l2)

57. During sensible heating, specific humidity_? (remains constant)

58. COP of a refrigerator is _? (greater than 1 )

59. The maximum temperature in a refrigeration cycle is_? (less than/greater than/equal to critical temperature)60. The pressure at the throat of the nozzle_? (maximum,min)

61. for a statically determinate set of forces for equilibrium_? (âˆ' f(X),f(Y),f(Z)=0,âˆ'M=0)

62. For a statically determinate set of forces- (there r as many equations as the no. of unknowns)
 
63. 1-2-3 analysis is used for_? (1.break even analysis, ??)

64. A problem on mean time of service something like a salesman has a rating of 120. considering 10% allowance time calculate the time required to serve 120???

65. A problem n determining time in a queue??

66. Energy equation for a laminar flow is _? (Uniform and steady ,non uniform and unsteady)
 
67. Undercuts in welding occurs due to_? (low welding current,high welding current)

68. Work holding equipment in shearing??

69. At the centre of a nozzle _? (Mach no<1>=1;=1)

--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com
 

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Re: regarding call letter for ssyndicate bank

9:46 PM
hi all
          i have completed my betch in electronics and telecommunication. i m looking for the govt. job like NTPC,BHEL etc.
plz suggest me which book should i follow or any coaching centre in delhi.??
best regards
 pravat

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Indian Army At a Glance

9:28 PM
Indian Army - At a Glance
 
Indian Defence : Indian Army

The Indian army is organised into six commands—(1) Southern, (2) Northern, (3) Eastern, (4) Central, (5) Western, and (6) South Western*, (7) Army Training Command, each under a General Officer Commandingin-Chief of the rank of Lieutenant General. The Commands are divided into Areas and sub-areas. An area is commanded by a General Officer Commanding of the rank of a Major General and a sub-area by a Brigadier. The Supreme Command of India's armed forces is vested in the President of India.
*South Western Command was set up with its headquarters at Jaipur by the Government of India in April, 2005

India's Nuke Command Set-up

The Government of India has set up a Nuclear Command Authority (NCA) and a Strategic Forces Command (SFC) on January 4, 2003 for managing India's nuclear aresenal. The NCA has two bodies—Political Council headed by Prime Minister, and an Executive Council headed by National Security Advisor. Only the Political Council can give the green signal to push nuclear button on the advice of the Executive Council. The final decision has to be taken by PM in his individual capacity, based on military advice.

National Cadet Corps (N.C.C.)

N.C.C. was organised in 1948 to create interest of young men and women in the armed forces. There are three divisions—(1) The senior division, (2) The Junior division and (3) The girls division. The senior and Junior Divisions are composed of three wings : Army, Navy and Air Force. The Army wing has units of Armoured corps, the Corps of Engineers, Artillery, the Signal Corps. Infantry, the corps of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers and the Medical corps. Its aim are : (a) to develop the personality of the youth and to make them self-reliant, (b) to stimulate interest among youth in the defence of the country, (c) to inculcate self-restraint and discipline among them, (d) to build up a reserve of manpower to help the Armed Forces, (e) to build up a force for civil defence in emergency.

During 1999-2000, 21 centrally organised camps were held. 68 National Integration Camps were conducted across the country in which nearly 41•5 lakh cadets participated.

Territorial Army

It was organised in 1949 as a second line of defence. It is a Citizens' Army and recruits able-bodied persons between the ages of 18 and 35. The Territorial Army provides an opportunity to the citizens to receive part time military training and render assistance during emergency. It has units of Armoured Corps. Artillery, Engineers, Signals Infantry, Medical Corps etc. To those who receive training, pay and allowances are admissible during training period.

Territorial Army personnel are also entitled to the award of decoration and medals.

Home Guards

It was formed in December 1962 in the wake of the Chinese aggression. Its duties are—(1) to perform emergency tasks connected with defence, (2) to assist the police in maintaining internal security, (3) to render assistance during air raids, fires, epidemics etc., (4) to undertake essential services like motor transport, engineering, fire fighting, looking to blackout measures etc.

Border Security Force

It is a para-military force whose function is to guard the frontiers in peace time and assist the Government in the maintenance of internal security. It was formed in December 1965.

Army Training Institutes

1. National Defence Academy, Khadakvasla; 2. National Defence College, New Delhi; 3. Indian Military Academy, Dehradun; 4. Defence Services Staff College, Wellington (Tamil Nadu); 5. Armed Forces Medical College, Pune; 6. Infantry School, Mhow; 7. Rashtriya Indian Military College, Dehradun; 8. Artillery, Deolali; 9. Army Ordance Corps. School, Jabalpur; 10. Army Cadet College, Dehradun; 11. Institute of Defence Management, Secunderabad; 12. Military College of Telecommunication Engineering; 13. College of Military Engineering, Kirkee; 14. Armoured Corps Centre and School, Ahmednagar; 15. College Combat (renamed as Army War College) Mhow; 16. Officers' Training School, Chennai; 17. Amity India Military College at Manesar, Gurgaon (Haryana) (Private Sector).

Note—'College of Combat' now becomes 'Army War College'— The Indian army's 'College of Combat' has now been rechristened as Army War College with effect from Land Army Day January 15, 2003. This college was establised in 1971 to impart integrated training to the jawans of the Indian land army, Air force and Indian navy.

Arjun Tanks for Army

The Arjun tank is finally ready. As against its demand for 124 indigenously built Arjun tanks to re-equip two armoured regiments, the Army will be provided with 8 tanks by the end of the financial year (2003-04). The number of tanks to be produced annually will rise to 62 in 2007. Each Arjun tank costs Rs. 15 crore.

Meanwhile, DRDO has started work on Karan, a lighter tank and mix of T-72 and the Arjun, minus some of the heavy armoury. Each tank will cost Rs. 10-11 crore.

India's indigenously assembled main battle tank T-90S, christened as Bhishma was inducted into the Army on January 7, 2004.

Air Force Training Centres

1. Air Force Administrative College, Coimbatore; 2. Air Force Flying College, Jodhpur; 3. Air Force School, Jalahalli; 4. Air Force Paratroopers Training School, Agra; 5. Flying Inspectors School, Tambaram; 6. A composite Air Force Academy near Hyderabad has started functioning; 7. Air Force School Sambra, Belgaum; 8. Elementary Flying School, Bidar; 9. Fighter Training and Transport Training wings of the Air Force, Hakimpet and Yelahanka; 10. Institute of Aviation Medicine, Bangalore; 11. College of Air Warfare, Secunderabad.

Naval Training Centres

1. Indian Naval Academy, Cochin; 2. I.N.S. Angre, Mumbai; 3. I.N.S. Valsura, Jamnagar (Gujarat); 4. Naval Air Station Garuda, Cochin; 5. I.N.S. Venduruthy, Cochin; 6. I.N.S. Hamla, Mumbai; 7. I.N.S. Kunjali, Mumbai; 8. I.N.S. Shivaji, Lonavala (Maharashtra); 9. I.N.S. Circars, Vishakhapattnam; 10. Sailors Training Establishment, Dabalin (Goa). INS Dronacharya at Fort Kochi.

Hospital Ships

1. I.N.H.S. Sanjivani, Cochin; 2. I.N.H.S. Asvini, Mumbai; 3. I.N.H.S. Kalyani, Vishakhapattnam; 4. I.N.H.S. Jeevanti, Goa.

Note—I.N.H.S. Asvini, the naval command hospital at Colaba in South Mumbai has become the first hospital in the world to be connected by air, sea and land.



--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Indina Air Force At a Glance

9:24 PM
INDINA AIR FORCE - AT A GLANCE
 
 
 
Flag of Indian Force
Indian Air Force

It was established in 1933; and modernisation began in 1948. The Indian Air Force proved its mettle during two Indo-Pak conflicts. It gave a fine account of itself during Kargil conflict. The air force is organised into seven commands : (1) Western Command; (2) Central Command; (3) Eastern Command; (4) South Western Command; (5) Training Command; (6) Maintenance Command and (7) Southern Command

The Air Force combat fleet which is made up of 45 squadrons consists of a variety of fighters, bombers and transport and logistics support aircraft. Among the fighter aircraft are—SU-75, Hunters. The Hunters have now been withdrawn from the air force with effect from 8–10–2001. Gnats, Ajeets, MIG-21s and HF-24s, Canberras comprise the bomber fleet. A new aircraft Jaguar has been inducted into IAF to replace Hunters and Canberras. The transport fleet consists of AN-12s, Dakotas, Fairchild Packets, Caribous, Otters, TU-124s and Indian built HS-784s.


Helicopters—In use are MI-4s, MI-8s, Cheetas and Chetaks, the last two being built in India. MI-26, a giant helicopter has recently been acquired from the Soviet Union. The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited has manufactured an improved version of Chetak helicopter and has named it Chetan. Its first test flight was carried out on Feb. 1, 2005 at Bangalore. Another indigenously developed Advanced Light Helicopter is Dhruva. The Government of Mauritus has decided to buy Dhruva from India as per press reports in October 2005.

Training Aircraft are H.T. 2. Hardvard, Pushpak Vampire, T. 64.

Bomber—Canberra, Liberators.

Alouette—Helicopters manufactured in India. HJT-16—Basik Jet Trainer, and HS–748—A feeder-liner aircraft both manufactured in India MIG–21 is also being manufactured in India (i) Nasik (Aeroframe); (ii) Koraput (Engine); (iii) Hyderabad; (Electronics), Ajit—A modified version of Gnat at present in service with I.A.F. AVRO–48 : A feeder liner Aircraft being manufactured at Kanpur Liberator—A reconnaissance aircraft.

The government of India is acquiring two new types of aircraft. One of them is the Harrier aircraft for the Indian Navy's aircraft carrier INS Virat. Harrier is a sea version aircraft.


The other aircraft is Jaguar. It is a military aircraft selected by the Indian Air Force to replace the old Hunters and Canberras. It is an Anglo-French product.

LCA—India's indigenously developed highly sophisticated Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) was successfully test flown on Jan. 4, 2001. The Light Combat Aircraft Technology Demonstrator 2 made its 14th test flight on Sept. 19, 2002 in Bangalore. The LCA has been renamed as Tejas. It went supersonic with effect from August 1, 2003. The second prototype of Tejas (LCA PV 2) made its maiden flight on December 1, 2005 in Bangalore (Karnataka).

India-Russia Sign Sukhoi Deal—India and Russia, on December 28, 2000, signed their single largest ever defence deal in Moscow for the production of 140 Sukhoi-30 MKI multi-role jets in India by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL).

The foundation for a workshop to produce Sukhois in India was laid in Sunaveda (Orissa) by the then Defence Minister Mr. George Fernanades on Dec. 15, 2002.

First Indigenously built Sukhoi-30 MKI—The first indigenously built multi-role Sukhoi-30MKI fighter aircraft manufactured at HAL was inducted in Indian Air Force on November 28, 2004. The Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) which will soon be upgraded to MK version would construct a total of 140 aircrafts in four phases.

India, Russia ink Aircraft deal—On October 18, 2007, India and Russia signed in Moscow an agreement for the joint development and production of the Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA). It is a land mark deal which, combined with earlier deal will put Indian Air Force on a very sound footing. Defence co-operation between India and Russia took a great stride with the signing of the multi-billion pact to build a futuristic combat aircraft.


India-Britain sign AJT Hawks deal—In August 2003, India and Britain signed a deal under which India will buy 66 AJT (Advanced Jet Trainer) aircraft Hawks from Britain.

Unmanned Aircraft—The indigenously built unmanned aircraft developed by DRDO, Nishant was test flown on Sept. 29, 1999. It was again test flown on January 31, 2001. Another unmanned aircraft indigenously developed by DRDO is Lakshya which was test flown on Nov. 2, 2000 from Chandipur (Orissa). As per reports published on January 2, 2001 this pilotless target aircraft was inducted into the Indian Air Force. Another successful test flight of Lakshya was made in March 2002. Other successful flights of Lakshya were made in May 12, 2006. Its latest successful test flight was carried out on Sept. 25, 2008.


--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com


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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Indian Navy At a Glance

9:20 PM
 
INDIAN NAVY - AT A GLANCE
 
 
 
Flag of Indian Navy
Indian Navy

 

The Indian Navy is organised into three commands under Flag Officer Commanding in Chief : (1) Western Naval Command (Mumbai), (2) Eastern Naval Command (Vishakhapattnam); (3) Southern Naval Command (Cochin). The navy has two fleets—the Western Fleet and the Eastern Fleet.


Ships of the Indian Fleet

India's first aircraft carrier INS Vikrant has been converted into a museum.

1. Aircraft Carrier—INS Virat, INS Vikramaditya (new Indian name for aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov acquired from Russia.)


2. Cruisers—INS Mysore a Colony-class cruiser, INS Aditya.

3. Destroyers—INS Rajput, Ranjit, Gomati, Godavari and Ganga, INS Ranvir (awarded the trophy of the Best Ship of the Indian Navy on April 13, 2000)

4. Submarines—Khanderi, Karanj, Kalveri, Kursurar. All these were acquired from the Soviet Union. INS Shishumar acquired from West Germany. India's only nuclear powered submarine INS Chakra has been acquired from the Soviet Union on lease. The construction of submarines has been undertaken by the country's premier ship-building firm, the Mazagaon Docks Limited, Mumbai and the first Indian built submarine for the Navy 'Shalki' was commissioned on Feb. 7, 1992, INS Sindhushastra (inducted into the Indian Navy on July 19, 2000). Besides, India has placed orders with France for the supply of six French Scorpene submarines at an estimated cost of $ 3 billion (Rs. 1,500 crore). Arrangements are also being made to build this type of submarine at Mazagaon Docks in Mumbai with the technology transfer from France.

5. Frigates—INS Nilgiri, INS Himgiri, INS Brahmputra, Beas, Betwa, Kirpan, Kuthar, Talwar and Trishul, Khukrhi (it was lost during Indo-Pak War, 1971), INS Udaigiri, INS Dunagiri, INS Taragiri, INS Vindhyagiri.

6. Mine Sweepers—INS Bhatkal, (Indian made), INS Konkan, Karwar, Kakinada, Cannanore, Cuddalore, Basseid, Bimlipatam and INS Bulsar mine sweeper.

7. Survey Ships—INS Darshak, Investigator, Jamuna, Sutlej.


Among other Indian made naval crafts are INS Ajay, Abhay and Akshay (sea-ward defence boats), INS Dhruvak (a mooring vessel). INS Darshak, an indigenously built hydrographic survey ship was commissioned into the Indian Navy on April 28, 2001.

8. 'Sea Bird'—India's biggest Naval base-The foundation of India's biggest naval base, christened 'Sea Bird' was laid by Prime Minister, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi on October 23, 1986. The base is being built at Karwar in Karnataka.

9. Shalki—India made submarine. Submarine killer (SSK) submarine.

10. Sailing Ship—INS Tarangini.

Naval Academy—The foundation stone of Indian Naval Academy was laid by Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi on Jan. 17, 1987 at Ezhimala near Cannore in Kerala.

Other Newly Acquired Ships


(1) INS Gaj—It is the Indian Navy's biggest tug built for rowing large ships, fire fighting as also for salvage and rescue operation in deep sea.

(2) Sagar Samrat—It is a self-propelled drilling ship belonging to the Oil and Natural Gas Commission.

(3) The Gautam Buddha—It is the biggest ship in the Indian Merchant Navy with a 1,29,530 DWT bulk delivered to the Shipping Corporation of India at Hiroshima by Mitsubishy on May 24, 1974.

(4) B.S.D. Cochin—It is the biggest dredger made in India by the Garden Reach Workshop, Kolkata.

(5) M.V. Harshvardhan—A luxury passenger cum-cargo ship.

(6) M.T. Lokmanya Tilak—Shipping Corporation of India's overseas tanker built in Japan.

(7) M.V. Lok Priti—The 1,26,000 cwl bulk career designed and built by Garden Reach Ship Builders and Engineers. It was launched on February 7, 1978.

(8) Sagar Kanya—One of the largest and most modern oceanographic research vessels acquired by India from West Germany.

(9) INS Delhi and INS Mumbai are other ships of destroyer category of the Indian Navy.

 

(10) INS Mumbai and INS Kirch Commissioned—The Indian Navy commissioned two warships INS Mumbai guided missile destroyer and INS Kirch guided missile corvettes in Mumbai on January 22, 2001 strengthening its five power.


(11) INS Kulish Commissioned—INS Kulish, a 1500-tonne frontline warship indigenously designed by Navy and built by Garden Reach Ship Builders and Engineer, was commissioned by W. Bengal Governor in Kolkata on August 20, 2001.

Another warship INS Tarasa has also been inducted in the Indian Navy in August 2001 and has been deputed in Port Blair in Andaman.

(12) INS Prabal—Indigenously manufactured destroyer ship INS Prabal was inducted in the Indian Navy on April 11, 2002 in Mumbai.

(13) INS Gaj—The Naval Ship, INS Gaj built by Hindustan Shipyard was included in Indian Navy on Oct. 10, 2002. Its chief function is to assist vessels in emergency in the sea.

(14) CGS 'Sarojini Naidu'—It is a new fast patrol vessel included in the Coast Guard on Nov. 11, 2002.

(15) INS Pralaya—Equipped with missiles hitting from surface to surface India's naval vessel INS Pralaya was included in the western command of India's navy on Dec. 19, 2002.

(16) INS Shivalik—India's first stealth ship. It has been inducted into the Indian Navy in April 2004

(17) INS Talwar and INS Trishul—These warships have been built by Russia for Indian Navy and they were inducted into the Indian Navy in June 2003. It may be recalled that a deal was struck for them with Russia in 1997.


(18) INS Kolkata—The Indian Navy's warship INS Kolkata under construction in Mazgaon Docks in Mumbai, with the proposed capacity of 6800 Tonne, had its Jalavtaran on March 30, 2006.

(19) INS Jalashwa—INS Jalashwa, the first Landing Platform Dock (LPD) purchased from the United States,joined the Eastern Fleet of the Navy on Sept. 13, 2007.

(20) Missiles—(1) Agni—Surface to Surface (2) Prithwi—Surface to Surface (3) Nag—Anti Tank missile (4) Trishul—Surface to Air (5)``Akash—surface to air with a range of 25 km. (6) Dhanush—a naval version of 'Prithvi' was test fired successfully on Dec. 28, 2005. Trishul was again successfully tested on March 25 and 26, 2004 and Jan. 19, 2005 and again on December 28, 2005. The latest launch took place from a ship anchored in the Bay of Bengal between Paradip and Chandipur off the coast of Orrisa. The latest two test flights of Akash took place on December 3 and 7, 2005 respectively from Chandipur, Orissa. The latest test flight of 'Nag' was carried out on March 19, 2005 at an army range near Ahmednagar in Maharashtra. The Trishul missile was again test fired on April 26, 2005 from Chandipur Test range Orissa. It was successfully test fired again. Prithvi's latest successful testfiring took place on June 11, 2006 from a place near Balasore (Orissa).

BrahMos—BrahMos, a supersonic cruise missile with a range of 290 km and operating on fire and forget principle was successfully flight tested on April 28, 2002 from the Interim Test Range near Balasore in Orissa.

The Indo-Russian joint venture supersonic cruise missile BrahMos with a range of 500 km was test fired for the first time in a 'land-to-land role' in Pokhran (Rajasthan) on Dec. 21, 2004. So far it had been tested from warships only. With this, India became the only country besides USA and Russia to acquire this capability. BrahMos was again successfully test fired on April 15, 2005 from Indian Navy ship INS Rajput in the Arabian sea. It was its 10th test flight with live warhead. In a fresh development, India's high-tech supersonic cruise missile BrahMos, which is being produced in collaboration with Russia, has been cleaned for export.Chile may perhaps be the first buyer as per press reports. The land army version of BrahMos was successfully test fired on November 30, 2005. Its latest successful testfiring was carried out on January 20, 2009 from Pokharan range.


Astra—India has brought out a new air to air missile 'Astra'. India has conducted a successful test flight of Astra in 2003 itself.

(21) Barak Missile System—The Indian Navy will soon receive the Barak Missile System from Israel, in a deal worth $300 million.

(22) Others—Induction of Karan : After Arjun, the Army is going to be equipped with another superior tank Karan which will have the best features of Arjun and T-72 tank Indian Armoured Corps Current mainstay. Karan is being built at Avadi.

Indo-Brazilian Collaboration for Early Warning System—On February 9, 2005, India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) tied up with Brazilian aviation major Embraer for the development of an airborne early warning system.

INXFAC-82-Extra-fast Attack Craft for Indian Navy—Israel has supplied to the Indian Navy the Extra-fast Attack Craft, INXFAC-82, the third in the series of XFAC class of vessels to have been acquired by India from the Israel Aircraft Industries.


The fastest craft in its class of vessels in India's possession, the INXFAC-82 can travel at a top speed of 40 knots per hour or 75 kms per hour.

Gorshkov deal with Russia—A deal for the acquisition of Russia's aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov was finalised in January 2004. With the induction of this aircraft carrier into the Indian Navy, India's naval defence will get a shot in the arm.

As per press reports, Admiral Gorshkov will be re-christened Vikramaditya after the warrior king of ancient India.

Navy's New Fast Track Craft Launched—Indian Navy's new indigenously-built fast track craft Bangaram was launched on Dec. 11, 2004 at Kolkata.

INS Kadamba Launched—Defence Minister, Mr. Pranab Mukherjee commissioned on May 31, 2005 INS Kadamba at Karwar, Karnataka which would be Navy's third operational base after Mumbai and Visakhapatnam.

'Sahyadri' Launched—Indian Navy's new frigate 'Sahyadri', built in Mazagaon Docks, Mumbai sailed into sea after its launch in Mumbai on May 28, 2005. It is the third and final frigate of Project-1 class stealth frigates.

Akash Test-Fired with Live Warhead—For the first time in the history of India's defence research and development, a live warhead was used while launching the surface-to-air missile Akash from the integrated test range at Chandipur-on-sea near Balasore (Orissa) on Nov. 30, 2004.


'Pinaka' Testfired—Multi-barrel rocket system 'Pinaka' underwent a successful trial at Chandipur on sea on May 27, 2005.

Its talest successful test firing was carried out on 28-29 March, 2006 from integrated test range situated in Chandipur, Orissa.

Pilotless Target Aircraft (PTA) Lakshya Launched—India successfully tested an indigenously developed Pilotless Target Aircraft (PTA) Lakshya from a defence base in Orissa on January 3, 2007. It was test flown from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur in Balasore.

Lakshya is a sub-sonic, reusable aerial target system is remote controlled from the ground and designed to impart training to pilots for weapon engagements.

Shaurya Missile Testfired—India tested a new 600 km range 'Shaurya Ballistic Missile, which can fired from underground silos unlike the Prithvi and Agni missiles on November 12, 2008.



--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com


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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Museums, Research Institute & National Laboratories in India

9:13 PM
 Museums and other Institutions in India

1. Birla Industrial and Technological Museum, Kolkata (West Bengal).
2. Central Indian Medicinal Plants Organisation, Lucknow.
3. Indian Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kolkata (West Bengal).
4. Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh.
5. Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre, New Delhi.
6. Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun (Uttarakhand)
7. National Botanical Gardens, Lucknow.
8. Publications and Information Directorate, New Delhi.
9. National Institute of Oceanography, Panaji (Goa).
10. Visvesvaraya Industrial and Technological Museum, Bangaluru (Karnataka).
 
Research Institutes in India

1. Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee (Uttarakhand).
2. Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow (U.P.).
3. Central Electro-Chemical Research Institute, Karaikudi (Tamil Nadu).
4. Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani (Rajasthan).
5. Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore (Karnataka).
6. Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad (Jharkhand).
7. Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Jadhavpur (West Bengal).
8. Central Mining Research Station, Dhanbad (Jharkhand).
9. Industrial Toxicological Research Centre, Lucknow (U.P.).
10. Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai (Tamil Nadu).
11. Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur (W. B.).
12. Central Public Health Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur (Maharashtra).
(Its new name is National Environment Engineering Institute).
13. Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi.
14. Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar (Gujarat).
15. National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh).
16. Structural Engineering Research Centre, Roorkee (Uttarakhand).
 
National Laboratories in India

Functions of National Laboratories—The National Laboratories undertake basic and applied research with special reference to the problems of industries falling within their spheres. These laboratories are actively associated with work of industrial development and standardisation, each having its own detailed programme of work drawn up by expert committees.

1. National Aeronautical Laboratory, Bangaluru (Karnataka).
2. National Biological Laboratory (in Planning), Palampur, Kangra Distt. (Himachal Pradesh).
3. National Chemical Laboratory, Pune (Maharashtra).
4. National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur (Jharkhand).
5. National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi.
6. Regional Research Laboratory, Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh).
7. Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar (Orissa).
8. Regional Research Laboratory, Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir).
9. Regional Research Laboratory, Jorhat (Asom).
10. High Altitude Research Laboratory, Gulmarg (Kashmir).
11. Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad (Gujarat).
12. Central Research Laboratory, Chepauk, Chennai (Tamil Nadu).
13. Nutrition Research Laboratory, Coonoor (Tamil Nadu).


--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com
 

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Important Dynasties in the South & India

9:10 PM
Important Dynasties in The South
Chalukyas— Pulkeshin I was the founder of this dynasty. He made Kanchi or Modern Badami his capital. His grandson Pulkeshin II (609–642) was the most distinguished ruler of this dynasty. He measured swords with king Harsha and defeated him on the bank of the Narmada.
 
Cholas—Parantoka I was the founder of this dynasty in 947. Chola rule reached its high water mark of glory under Raja Rajadeva, the Great and his son Rajendra Choladeva I. The Cholas established their supremacy even outside India.
 
Bahmani Muslim Kingdom (1346–1526 A.D.)—The Muslim Kingdom was established in the Deccan during the reign of Mohammed Tughlaq and founded in 1347 by a brave soldier, named Zafar Khan. The most illustrious person of this kingdom was Mahmud Gawan, a persian who was a minister for a long time. He was killed and after that the kingdom was split into five independent states : (1) Bedar, (2) Berar, (3) Ahmednagar, (4) Bijapur, (5) Golkunda.
 
Vijayanagar Empire (1336–1565 A.D.)—Harihar and Bukka were the founders of this dynasty in 1336. The greatest rulers of this dynasty were Deva Raya II and Krishna Deva Raya. The glory of Vijayanagar empire was smashed at the Battle of Talikota in 1565 when the Deccan Sultanates fought and defeated Ramraja and killed him.
 
Important Dynasties of India
 
Maurya Dynasty (300 B.C.–184 B.C.)
Chandragupta Maurya (324–300 B.C.)—He founded the Maurya Empire in India with the help of Kautilya. He was a military genius and an eminent statesman.

Ashoka the great (273–236 B.C.)—Coronation in 269 B.C. He was the son of Bindusara. He conquered; Kalinga in 261 B.C. This was killed the soldier in him and he embraced Buddhism.

Kushan Dynasty (40–176 A.D.)
Kanishka (78–101 or 102 A.D.)—He is known as a great empire builder. Like Ashoka he patronized Buddhism. He patronized the Gandhara School of Art. The famous Indian physician Charak and Bhuddhist lawyer Nagarjuna lived during his reign. Ashwaghosh a Buddhist monk also lived in his time.

Gupta Dynasty (320–550 A.D.)
The great rulers in this dynasty are : Chandra Gupta I. (2) Samudra Gupta, (330 –375 A.D.). Also known as Napoleon of India, (3) Chandra Gupta II. (375–413 A.D.) (Vikramaditya), and (4) Skanda Gupta (455–477 A.D.). The Gupta period is described as the golden period in the history of ancient India. Among the great personalities of the period mention may be made of Kalidas. The famous dramatist, Arya Bhatta, the famous astronomer and mathematician. Varahamihir and Brahmagupta also belonged to this age.

Vardhana or Pushyabhuti Dynasty (560–647 A.D.)
The greatest king of this dynasty was Harsha Varadhan (606–647 A.D.). He was a great patron of art and literature. He himself was a man of letters having written two great books 'Naga Nandin' and 'Ratnavali'. He was the last great Hindu ruler of India. Huen Tsang a Chinnese pilgrim, visited India during his reign.
 
Ghazni Dynasty (962–1116 A.D.)
Mahmud Ghazni (997–1030)—He was a great conqueror. He invaded India 17 times. His invasions weakened the Indian rulers and paved the way for Muslim rule in India. The famous Persian poet Firdausi, the writer of 'Shahnama' lived in his court.

Ghori (1186–1206 A.D.)
Mohammed Ghori (1186–1206)—He was defeated by Prithviraj, the ruler of Ajmer and Delhi at the first Battle of Tarain. He however, defeated Prithviraj at the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192. This marked the beginning of permanent Muslim rule in India.

Slave Dynasty (1206–1290 A.D.)
Qutubuddin Aibak (1206–1210 A.D.)—He was the founder of the Slave Dynasty. He commenced the building of the Qutub Minar which was later completed by Altamash (1211–1236) who was succeeded by Razia Begum, (1236–1239 A.D.) his daughter.

Khilji Dynasty (1290–1320 A.D.)
Ala-ud-din Khilji (1296–1316 A.D.)—He was the most distinguished ruler of this dynasty. He was a great conqueror and his empire extended to the far south. He was famous for control of markets.

Tughlaq Dynasty (1320–1414 A.D.)
Mohammed Tughlaq (1325–1351 A.D.)—He was the most distinguished ruler of this dynasty. He was known for his learning and also for mixture of sagacity and madness. His transfer of capital from Delhi to Daulatabad has been described by historians as an act of madness.
 
Lodhi Dynasty (1451–1526 A.D.)
Ibrahim Lodhi (1517–1526 A.D.)—He made some mark in extending his dominions. He was a cruel ruler. He was defeated by Babur in 1526 at the First Battle of Panipat, and the foundations of Mughal rule in India were laid.

Mughal Rulers (1526–1857)
Babur (1526–1530 A.D.) founded the Mughal rule in India in 1526 by defeating Ibrahim Lodhi—He however, did not live long was and succeeded by his son Humayun (1530–1540 and 1555–1556 A.D.) in 1530. Akbar (1556–1605 A.D.) was the most capable and distinguished ruler of the Mughal dynasty. His son Jahangir (1605–1627 A.D.) followed in his foot steps to some extent. Jahangir was succeeded by Shahjahan (1627–1659 A.D.) whose reign is described as the golden period in Mughal history. His son Aurangzeb (1659–1707 A.D.) was the last great Mughal emperor. But with him began the downfall of the Mughal empire on account of his policy of intolerance which alienated the Hindus especially the Rajputs.
 
Causes of the Downfall of the Mughal Empire
(1) The Empire had become too unwieldy to be managed.
(2) Aurangzeb's policy of religious intolerance antagonized the Hindus.
(3) The successors of Aurangzeb were not competent rulers.
(4) The rivalry, intrigues and corruption led to administrative chaos.
(5) Attacks of Nadir Shah and Ahmed Shah Abdali reduced it to a small size.
(6) It had not struck deep roots in the Indian soil.

Suri Dynasty (1540–1555 A.D.)
Sher Shah Suri (1540–1545 A.D.)—Rule provides an interregnum between two phases of Mughal rule in India. Sher Shah defeated Humayun and forced him into exile. He carried out notable reforms in administration.

The Marahattas (1649–1818 A.D.)—The Marahatta power rose in the latter half of the 17th century. The Marahattas organised their power under the leadership of Shivaji (1627-80). He was an able ruler and commander. During the Peshwa period, the Marahatta power spread through the major part of India. But at a time when the Marahatta power was at its zenith and promised to establish its sway over the whole of India, the forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali badly defeated the Peshwa forces in 1761 at the Battle of Panipat. Though the Marahattas were defeated at the hands of Ahmad Shah Abdali, neither of the two parties could maintain its sovereignty over India. On the contrary this battle made the field clear for the establishment of British East India Company's rule in India.
 
The Peshwas (1708–1818)—After the death of Shivaji, Peshwas continued their struggle. They did succeed to a great extent in their struggle. A major portion of Indian peninsula came under their control at the outset of British hold. But due to internal conflict and subsequent weakening of power they succumbed to British power which had been gaining momentum.
 
 
 
 
 

--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com
 

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Punjab National Bank (Agriculture Officers) Exam English Language solved paper

8:59 PM
Punjab National Bank (Agriculture Officers) Exam, 2009
English Language : Solved Paper
(Held on 4-1-2009)

 

Directions—(Q. 1–15) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

We should recognise the indebtedness of the country to its farm families who toil to safeguard national food security. Loan waiver is the price we have to pay for the neglect of rural India over the past several decades. There has been a gradual decline in investment in key sectors related to agriculture such as infrastructure, marketing, post harvest technology etc. The four crore farmers whose debt is to be relieved will be eligible for institutional credit for their cultivation expenses during Kharif 2008. The challenge is to prevent them from getting into the debt trap again. For this purpose the Central and various State governments should set up an Indebted Farmers' Support Consortium, comprising scientists, panchayat raj officials and others relevant to assisting farmers to improve the profitability and productivity of their farms in an environmentally sustainable manner. The smaller the farm, the greater is the need for marketable surplus to reduce indebtedness.

The Indebted Farmers' Support Consortium should aim to get all the four crore farmers all the benefits of the government schemes such as the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, Irrigation Benefit Programme and others. If this is done, every farm family released from the debt trap should be able to produce at least an additional half tonne per hectare of foodgrains. This should help increase food production by about 20 million tonnes by 2008-10. At a time when global and national food stocks are dwindling and prices are rising, this will be a timely gain for our national food security. We need to ensure that the outcome of the debt waiver is enhanced farmers' income and production. The prevailing gap between potential and actual yields in the crops of rainfed areas such as pulses and oilseeds is over 200 per cent even with the necessary technologies on the shelf. We are now importing without duty large quantities of pulses and oilseeds. If helped, farmers can produce these at a lower cost.

Opportunities for assured and remunerative marketing are essential if loan waiver is not to become a recurring event leading to the destruction of the credit system. This is why the Minimum Support Price is necessary for all, not just for a few crops which is the case at present. This is the single most effective step to make loan waivers history. There is another urgent step which needs to be taken. The loan waiver does not cover those who borrow from moneylenders. It will not be possible for the government to scrutinise the veracity of such private deals but steps can be taken such as giving them Smart Cards which will entitle them to essential inputs like seeds and fertilizers. The gram sabha can be entrusted with the task of identifying these farmers so that there is transparency in the process and elimination of the chances for falsification and corruption. Fear of occasional misuse should not come in the way of enabling millions of poor farmers who have borrowed from informal sources if we are to achieve the goal of four per cent growth in agriculture.

1. What is the likely impact of ensuring farmers' benefit from government schemes ?
1. They can use the credit from these schemes to repay moneylenders.
2. The government can control the price rise.
3. Increased agricultural production.
(A) Both 1 and 2
(B) All 1, 2 and 3
(C) Only 3
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) None of these

2. Why does the author feel that rural India has been overlooked in the past ?
1. Institutional credit was only made available for Kharif crops.
2. Drop in investment in central areas related to agriculture.
3. Records of those eligible for loan waivers have not been maintained over time.
(A) Only 2
(B) Both 1 and 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these

3. How can small farmers avoid debt ?
(A) They need to acquire additional land holdings
(B) They need to take advantage of both government schemes as well as credit from moneylenders
(C) They have to ensure a sufficient amount of their farm produce is sold
(D) The Government should provide periodic loan waivers
(E) None of these

4. What is the objective of the Indebted Farmers' Support Consortium ?
(A) It is a support group for the families of indebted farmers
(B) It has to devise new government schemes for farmers
(C) It has to track farmers eligible for government schemes
(D) It has to evaluate government schemes and weed out the inefficient ones
(E) None of these

5. What does the author mean by the phrase "indebtedness of the country to its farm families" ?
(A) If farmers are in debt it impacts the entire country
(B) Citizens should be grateful to farmers and their families for the hardships borne by them to cultivate crops
(C) India's food production has fallen causing it to be in debt since it has to import food
(D) The number of farmers' descendants taking up agriculture has fallen.
(E) None of these

6. What is the author's opinion of recurring loan waivers ?
(A) They are beneficial to farmers
(B) They are detrimental to the system of lending.
(C) They will reduce the need for a Minimum Support Price for agricultural products
(D) Farmers will no longer be in debt to moneylenders
(E) None of these

7. Which of the following is TRUE in the context of the passage ?
(A) The Minimum Support Price for agricultural products is yet to be implemented
(B) Loan waiver is a permanent solution to indebtedness of farmers
(C) Current agricultural growth is below four per cent
(D) India's food production has increased in 2008
(E) Moneylenders benefit from loan waivers

8. Why does the loan waiver not cover credit taken from moneylenders ?
1. It is difficult to verify these contracts between farmers and moneylenders.
2. It will increase the deficit in the budget.
3. There is a risk that the funds may be misappropriated.
(A) Both 1 and 3
(B) All 1, 2 and 3
(C) Only 2
(D) Both 1 and 2
(E) None of these

9. Why is there a vast gap in actual and potential yields of crops in rainfed areas ?
(A) The government prefers to import these crops at a lower rate
(B) No technological advances have been made to improve the growth of crops in these areas
(C) There is no Minimum Support Price available for these crops
(D) Farmers are forced to sell these crops at a low rate
(E) None of these

10. How does the government intend to ensure transparency in the Smart card issuance process ?
(A) Screening private players involved in the scheme
(B) Granting access to those farmers who register with their local moneylenders
(C) Providing cards which cannot be forged
(D) Regularly rotating members of the gram sabha so there is no corruption
(E) None of these

Directions—(Q. 11–13) Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
11. assured
(A) insured
(B) definite
(C) doubted
(D) confident
(E) reliance

12. relieved
(A) exempted
(B) backed
(C) supported
(D) calmed
(E) substituted

13. gap
(A) hole
(B) break
(C) pause
(D) difference
(E) interruption

Directions—(Q. 14–15) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

14. timely
(A) young
(B) lately
(C) overdue
(D) aged
(E) slowly

15. elimination
(A) authority
(B) forgiveness
(C) attack
(D) provision
(E) protection

Directions—(Q. 16–20) Which of the phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the phrase given in bold in the following sentence to make the sentence grammatically meaningful and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and no correcton is required, mark (E) as the answer.

16. In order to control rising prices the government has restricted the export of certain commodities.
(A) For control of raised
(B) In control of raised
(C) To control the rise
(D) By controlling rising
(E) No correction required

17. Over two crores will be required to renovate the building being damaged during the cyclone.
(A) that was damage
(B) which was damaged
(C) has been damaged
(D) been damaged
(E) No correction required

18. Small investors often suffer because of delays in getting its grievance redressed.
(A) their grievances redressed
(B) the grievances redress
(C) to redress grievance
(D) this grievances redressed
(E) No correction required

19. With the failure of the investment bank, the public's confidence in the banking sector has been how badly shaken.
(A) so badly shaken
(B) that much shaky
(C) badly shaken
(D) too badly shaky
(E) No correction required

20. A consultant is been appointed to advise us on the viability of the project.
(A) appointed
(B) has been appointing
(C) will be appointed
(D) to be appointed
(E) No correction required

Directions—(Q. 21–25) Rearrange the following six sentences (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them.
(1) Expansion of retail banking especially has a lot of scope, since retail assets are just 22 per cent of the total banking assets.
(2) Where they do not find it viable to open branches they may open satellite offices in these areas.
(3) There is tremendous scope for the expansion of banking in India.
(4) Banks can also diversify beyond cities to semi-urban and rural areas.
(5) In these ways a transition from class banking to mass banking can take place.
(6) They can also collaborate with local stakeholders in order to extend microcredit services to those living there.

21. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

22. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

23. Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

24. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (LAST) sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

25. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

Directions—(Q. 26–35) In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

Decades ago, China …(26)… the concept of 'barefoot doctors'. They were community healthcare workers who successfully …(27)… the health of China's villages. Following this example, many African, Asian and Latin American countries have started …(28)… programmes. The largest of such community health efforts is India's National Rural Health Mission. In …(29)… over three years, the programme has mobilized over fifty thousand new community health workers, each …(30)… as 'Asha'. This is short for 'Accredited Social Health Activist' and translated into Hindi is the word …(31)… hope.

Today technology companies and foundations are also joining the …(32)… to support community health workers. Mobile phone companies are …(33)… these workers with phones and support systems to obtain up to date medical information, call ambulances etc. In the …(34)… years, community health workers can thus help …(35)… the spread of many devastating but curable diseases.

26. (A) gives
(B) researches
(C) introduced
(D) originates
(E) enlightened

27. (A) improved
(B) entrusted
(C) fought
(D) cured
(E) dealt

28. (A) thousands
(B) alike
(C) imitated
(D) similar
(E) naming

29. (A) course
(B) less
(C) approximate
(D) period
(E) just

30. (A) referred
(B) known
(C) perceived
(D) regarded
(E) called

31. (A) denotes
(B) describes
(C) for
(D) explains
(E) means

32. (A) business
(B) membership
(C) scope
(D) effort
(E) purpose

33. (A) provided
(B) buying
(C) equipped
(D) supplied
(E) empowering

34. (A) coming
(B) next
(C) past
(D) few
(E) previous

35. (A) overlook
(B) curb
(C) protect
(D) enrich
(E) neglect

Answers :
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (E) 4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (B) 7. (C) 8. (A) 9. (C) 10. (E)
11. (B) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (B) 15. (E) 16 (E) 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (C) 20. (C)
21. (C) 22. (C) 23. (E) 24. (E) 25. (A) 26. (C) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (E) 30. (C)
31. (C) 32. (D) 33. (E) 34. (A) 35. (B)



--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com


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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Punjab National Bank (Agriculture Officers) exam English Language solved paper

8:57 PM
Punjab National Bank (Agriculture Officers) Exam, 2009
English Language : Solved Paper
(Held on 4-1-2009)
 
Directions—(Q. 1–15) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

We should recognise the indebtedness of the country to its farm families who toil to safeguard national food security. Loan waiver is the price we have to pay for the neglect of rural India over the past several decades. There has been a gradual decline in investment in key sectors related to agriculture such as infrastructure, marketing, post harvest technology etc. The four crore farmers whose debt is to be relieved will be eligible for institutional credit for their cultivation expenses during Kharif 2008. The challenge is to prevent them from getting into the debt trap again. For this purpose the Central and various State governments should set up an Indebted Farmers' Support Consortium, comprising scientists, panchayat raj officials and others relevant to assisting farmers to improve the profitability and productivity of their farms in an environmentally sustainable manner. The smaller the farm, the greater is the need for marketable surplus to reduce indebtedness.

The Indebted Farmers' Support Consortium should aim to get all the four crore farmers all the benefits of the government schemes such as the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, Irrigation Benefit Programme and others. If this is done, every farm family released from the debt trap should be able to produce at least an additional half tonne per hectare of foodgrains. This should help increase food production by about 20 million tonnes by 2008-10. At a time when global and national food stocks are dwindling and prices are rising, this will be a timely gain for our national food security. We need to ensure that the outcome of the debt waiver is enhanced farmers' income and production. The prevailing gap between potential and actual yields in the crops of rainfed areas such as pulses and oilseeds is over 200 per cent even with the necessary technologies on the shelf. We are now importing without duty large quantities of pulses and oilseeds. If helped, farmers can produce these at a lower cost.

Opportunities for assured and remunerative marketing are essential if loan waiver is not to become a recurring event leading to the destruction of the credit system. This is why the Minimum Support Price is necessary for all, not just for a few crops which is the case at present. This is the single most effective step to make loan waivers history. There is another urgent step which needs to be taken. The loan waiver does not cover those who borrow from moneylenders. It will not be possible for the government to scrutinise the veracity of such private deals but steps can be taken such as giving them Smart Cards which will entitle them to essential inputs like seeds and fertilizers. The gram sabha can be entrusted with the task of identifying these farmers so that there is transparency in the process and elimination of the chances for falsification and corruption. Fear of occasional misuse should not come in the way of enabling millions of poor farmers who have borrowed from informal sources if we are to achieve the goal of four per cent growth in agriculture.

1. What is the likely impact of ensuring farmers' benefit from government schemes ?
1. They can use the credit from these schemes to repay moneylenders.
2. The government can control the price rise.
3. Increased agricultural production.
(A) Both 1 and 2
(B) All 1, 2 and 3
(C) Only 3
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) None of these

2. Why does the author feel that rural India has been overlooked in the past ?
1. Institutional credit was only made available for Kharif crops.
2. Drop in investment in central areas related to agriculture.
3. Records of those eligible for loan waivers have not been maintained over time.
(A) Only 2
(B) Both 1 and 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these

3. How can small farmers avoid debt ?
(A) They need to acquire additional land holdings
(B) They need to take advantage of both government schemes as well as credit from moneylenders
(C) They have to ensure a sufficient amount of their farm produce is sold
(D) The Government should provide periodic loan waivers
(E) None of these

4. What is the objective of the Indebted Farmers' Support Consortium ?
(A) It is a support group for the families of indebted farmers
(B) It has to devise new government schemes for farmers
(C) It has to track farmers eligible for government schemes
(D) It has to evaluate government schemes and weed out the inefficient ones
(E) None of these

5. What does the author mean by the phrase "indebtedness of the country to its farm families" ?
(A) If farmers are in debt it impacts the entire country
(B) Citizens should be grateful to farmers and their families for the hardships borne by them to cultivate crops
(C) India's food production has fallen causing it to be in debt since it has to import food
(D) The number of farmers' descendants taking up agriculture has fallen.
(E) None of these

6. What is the author's opinion of recurring loan waivers ?
(A) They are beneficial to farmers
(B) They are detrimental to the system of lending.
(C) They will reduce the need for a Minimum Support Price for agricultural products
(D) Farmers will no longer be in debt to moneylenders
(E) None of these

7. Which of the following is TRUE in the context of the passage ?
(A) The Minimum Support Price for agricultural products is yet to be implemented
(B) Loan waiver is a permanent solution to indebtedness of farmers
(C) Current agricultural growth is below four per cent
(D) India's food production has increased in 2008
(E) Moneylenders benefit from loan waivers

8. Why does the loan waiver not cover credit taken from moneylenders ?
1. It is difficult to verify these contracts between farmers and moneylenders.
2. It will increase the deficit in the budget.
3. There is a risk that the funds may be misappropriated.
(A) Both 1 and 3
(B) All 1, 2 and 3
(C) Only 2
(D) Both 1 and 2
(E) None of these

9. Why is there a vast gap in actual and potential yields of crops in rainfed areas ?
(A) The government prefers to import these crops at a lower rate
(B) No technological advances have been made to improve the growth of crops in these areas
(C) There is no Minimum Support Price available for these crops
(D) Farmers are forced to sell these crops at a low rate
(E) None of these

10. How does the government intend to ensure transparency in the Smart card issuance process ?
(A) Screening private players involved in the scheme
(B) Granting access to those farmers who register with their local moneylenders
(C) Providing cards which cannot be forged
(D) Regularly rotating members of the gram sabha so there is no corruption
(E) None of these

Directions—(Q. 11–13) Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
11. assured
(A) insured
(B) definite
(C) doubted
(D) confident
(E) reliance

12. relieved
(A) exempted
(B) backed
(C) supported
(D) calmed
(E) substituted

13. gap
(A) hole
(B) break
(C) pause
(D) difference
(E) interruption

Directions—(Q. 14–15) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

14. timely
(A) young
(B) lately
(C) overdue
(D) aged
(E) slowly

15. elimination
(A) authority
(B) forgiveness
(C) attack
(D) provision
(E) protection

Directions—(Q. 16–20) Which of the phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the phrase given in bold in the following sentence to make the sentence grammatically meaningful and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and no correcton is required, mark (E) as the answer.

16. In order to control rising prices the government has restricted the export of certain commodities.
(A) For control of raised
(B) In control of raised
(C) To control the rise
(D) By controlling rising
(E) No correction required

17. Over two crores will be required to renovate the building being damaged during the cyclone.
(A) that was damage
(B) which was damaged
(C) has been damaged
(D) been damaged
(E) No correction required

18. Small investors often suffer because of delays in getting its grievance redressed.
(A) their grievances redressed
(B) the grievances redress
(C) to redress grievance
(D) this grievances redressed
(E) No correction required

19. With the failure of the investment bank, the public's confidence in the banking sector has been how badly shaken.
(A) so badly shaken
(B) that much shaky
(C) badly shaken
(D) too badly shaky
(E) No correction required

20. A consultant is been appointed to advise us on the viability of the project.
(A) appointed
(B) has been appointing
(C) will be appointed
(D) to be appointed
(E) No correction required

Directions—(Q. 21–25) Rearrange the following six sentences (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them.
(1) Expansion of retail banking especially has a lot of scope, since retail assets are just 22 per cent of the total banking assets.
(2) Where they do not find it viable to open branches they may open satellite offices in these areas.
(3) There is tremendous scope for the expansion of banking in India.
(4) Banks can also diversify beyond cities to semi-urban and rural areas.
(5) In these ways a transition from class banking to mass banking can take place.
(6) They can also collaborate with local stakeholders in order to extend microcredit services to those living there.

21. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

22. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

23. Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

24. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (LAST) sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

25. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

Directions—(Q. 26–35) In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

Decades ago, China …(26)… the concept of 'barefoot doctors'. They were community healthcare workers who successfully …(27)… the health of China's villages. Following this example, many African, Asian and Latin American countries have started …(28)… programmes. The largest of such community health efforts is India's National Rural Health Mission. In …(29)… over three years, the programme has mobilized over fifty thousand new community health workers, each …(30)… as 'Asha'. This is short for 'Accredited Social Health Activist' and translated into Hindi is the word …(31)… hope.

Today technology companies and foundations are also joining the …(32)… to support community health workers. Mobile phone companies are …(33)… these workers with phones and support systems to obtain up to date medical information, call ambulances etc. In the …(34)… years, community health workers can thus help …(35)… the spread of many devastating but curable diseases.

26. (A) gives
(B) researches
(C) introduced
(D) originates
(E) enlightened

27. (A) improved
(B) entrusted
(C) fought
(D) cured
(E) dealt

28. (A) thousands
(B) alike
(C) imitated
(D) similar
(E) naming

29. (A) course
(B) less
(C) approximate
(D) period
(E) just

30. (A) referred
(B) known
(C) perceived
(D) regarded
(E) called

31. (A) denotes
(B) describes
(C) for
(D) explains
(E) means

32. (A) business
(B) membership
(C) scope
(D) effort
(E) purpose

33. (A) provided
(B) buying
(C) equipped
(D) supplied
(E) empowering

34. (A) coming
(B) next
(C) past
(D) few
(E) previous

35. (A) overlook
(B) curb
(C) protect
(D) enrich
(E) neglect

Answers :
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (E) 4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (B) 7. (C) 8. (A) 9. (C) 10. (E)
11. (B) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (B) 15. (E) 16 (E) 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (C) 20. (C)
21. (C) 22. (C) 23. (E) 24. (E) 25. (A) 26. (C) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (E) 30. (C)
31. (C) 32. (D) 33. (E) 34. (A) 35. (B)


--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com

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[Sarkari-Naukri] Harish Sati, Oriental Bank of Commerce Clerk Exam, English Language solved paper

8:56 PM

Oriental Bank of Commerce Clerk Exam., 2009

(Held on 18-1-2009)
English Language : Solved Paper

 


Directions—(Q. 1 to 15) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions.

The Emperor's brother-in-law was also his Prime Minister and his avourite courtier. He was not liked by the other courtiers as a result. Jealous of the Emperor's brother-inlaw the courtiers once said, "Your Majesty, why don't you appoint one of us as Prime Minister ? Subject us to a test to see who is truly the right person to be Prime Minister." At the time the Prime Minister was out hunting with another courtier. In pursuit of their prey they mistakenly rode into the neighbouring kingdom. As they were strangers and had weapons they were arrested as spies by the soldiers there and were certain to be sentenced to death by the ruler, King Amir.

The courtier was petrified and bowed his head in prayer. The Prime Minister pretending to be praying whispered something in his ear. The two of them then began arguing. "I should be the one to die first !" each of them said. Those present were astonished to hear their argument. The soldiers brought the two before King Amir. He was astonished to hear of their strange behaviour. "Tell me why you are so eager to die ?" Pretending to be reluctant to reveal the reason the Prime Minister bowed respectfully and said, "Sir, our Emperor has a secret wish of annexing your kingdom. If you kill us the Emperor can attack your kingdom on the pretext of avenging our deaths. The Emperor has also promised us a great reward for our sacrifice. We felt that in case you changed your mind and set one of us free to return home he would not get the reward." King Amir was worried when he heard this. Concerned that the lives of his subjects would be lost in war, King Amir refused to kill either of the two and sent them home. When they heard about the incident the Emperor's courtiers bowed their heads. They were ashamed. They realised the Emperor had made a wise choice in selecting his Prime Minister.

1. Why were the courtiers not on good terms with the Emperor's brother-in-law ?
(A) The Emperor used to only heed his brother-in-law's advice
(B) He was cleverer than they were and he would remind them of it
(C) He was empowered to take decisions on behalf of the Emperor
(D) He had more power and prestige and earned more than they did
(E) None of these

2. Why did the Emperor's two courtiers enter the neighbouring kingdom ?
(A) The Emperor had asked them to deliver a message to its king
(B) They wanted to spy on the neighbouring kingdom
(C) They had accidentally wandered into neighbouring territory
(D) The other courtiers had set a trap for them
(E) Their curiosity about the kingdom led them to enter it

3. Why was the Emperor's brotherin-law not afraid when faced with death ?
1. He felt that if he told King Amir the truth his life would be spared.
2. He was confident that he would be rescued.
3. He had prayed fervently asking God to save them.
(A) None
(B) Only 1
(C) Only 2
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) Only 3

4. Which of the following can be said about the Emperor ?
(A) He reserved important posts for his family members
(B) He had chosen a worthy Prime Minister
(C) He was ruthless and wanted to conquer the neighbouring kingdom
(D) He treated all his courtiers shabbily except his brother-inlaw
(E) He deliberately endangered the lives of his courtiers in order to test them

5. Why did the two courtiers begin to argue with each other ?
(A) They wanted to distract the soldiers so they could escape
(B) It was a delaying tactics till they were rescued
(C) They blamed each other for the predicament they were in
(D) The Prime Minister wanted to stop the other courtier from divulging the Emperor's plan to the enemy
(E) None of these

6. What surprised King Amir about the courtiers' behaviour ?
1. They were very respectful to him although he had condemned them to death.
2. Each was volunteering to be killed first.
3. They had managed to convince the soldiers to set them free.
(A) Only 1
(B) Both 1 and 2
(C) Only 3
(D) Only 2
(E) None of these

7. Why did King Amir set the two courtiers free ?
(A) He believed their story that the Emperor was planning to attack
(B) He had great respect for their courage
(C) He had ascertained they were not spies so he set them free
(D) He was impressed by the wisdom of the Emperor's courtiers
(E) None of these

8. Which of the following does not describe the Emperor's reaction to the courtiers' request to appoint one of them as Prime Minister ?
1. He thought about asking his brother-in-law to resign.
2. He tested his brother-in-law to prove he was best suited for the post of Prime Minister.
3. He disregarded it completely and punished the courtiers.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 3
(C) Both 1 and 3
(D) All 1, 2 and 3
(E) None of these

9. Which of the following is NOT true in the context of the passage ?
(A) King Amir was concerned about the welfare of his people
(B) The Emperor's brother-inlaw had enemies at court
(C) King Amir set the Emperor's brother-in-law free on account of his bravery
(D) The Emperor's brother-inlaw was deserving of the post of Prime Minister
(E) The Prime Minister was a quick thinker

10. What was the courtiers' reaction when they heard about the Prime Minister's safe return ?
(A) They were disappointed because their plan had failed
(B) They were ashamed of their plot to kill him
(C) They were upset to hear about his bad experience
(D) They bowed in respect and praised his wisdom
(E) None of these

Directions–(Q. 11 to 13) Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

11. subject
(A) topic
(B) undergo
(C) expose
(D) citizen
(E) accountable

12. pretext
(A) excuse
(B) guess
(C) crime
(D) example
(E) fraud

13. petrified
(A) panic
(B) scared
(C) feared
(D) alarming
(E) terror

Directions—(Q. 14 and 15) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

14. right
(A) immoral
(B) unsuitable
(C) inaccurate
(D) inconvenient
(E) error

15. reveal
(A) secret
(B) darken
(C) disclose
(D) hide
(E) invisible

Directions—(Q. 16 to 20) Which of the phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the phrase given in bold in the following sentences to make the sentence grammatically meaningful and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and 'No correction is required', mark (E) as the answer.

16. In these circumstances, they will not be able to meet the assign target to them.
(A) targeted assignment
(B) assigned target
(C) assigning of target
(D) target assigned
(E) No correction required

17. Banks must be ensured that 18 per cent of their loans is given to the agricultural sector.
(A) are ensured
(B) have to ensure
(C) being ensured
(D) should be ensured
(E) No correction required

18. The government has announced several initiatives benefiting to factory workers.
(A) beneficial
(B) for benefiting to
(C) which will benefit
(D) benefited to
(E) No correction required

19. A date for the committee meeting to discuss the details of the proposal has yet to be decided.
(A) will be yet decided
(B) is been decided yet
(C) have not been still decided
(D) is not yet been decided
(E) No correction required

20. With the raining heavily the multi-storey office building was badly damaged and collapsed.
(A) Owing to the heavy rains
(B) Because of raining heavily
(C) Since heavily it rained
(D) In raining heavily
(E) No correction required

Directions—(Q. 21 to 25) In each question below a sentence with four words printed in bold type is given. These are lettered as (A), (B), (C) and (D). One of these four words printed in bold may be either wrongly spelt or inappropriate in the context of the sentence. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt or inappropriate if any. The letter of that word is your answer. If all the words printed in bold are correctly spelt and also appropriate in the context of the sentence, mark (E) i.e. 'All correct' as your answer.

21. Since petroleum products are taxed (A) heavily they are a majar (B) source (C) of revenue (D) for the government. All correct (E)

22. Even though the proposal appearrs (A) practical (B) the committee should discuss (C) it at length. (D) All correct (E)

23. The Indian stock market has been one of the well (A) performing (B) markets globally (C) during the current (D) year. All correct (E)

24. Had the scheme been allowed (A) to continue (B) it would have generated (C) attracted (D) returns. All correct (E)

25. People should constantly (A) upgrade their skills (B) in order to be effective (C) and efficient. (D) All correct (E)

Directions—(Q. 26 to 30) Rearrange the following six sentences (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them.
1. With all this experimentation he incurred an expenditure of over a million dollars before success smiled on him.
2. Edison invented the long lasting electric light bulb.
3. To find a fibre to burn inside a bulb he experimented with over two thousand items.
4. We thus owe the miracle of light as much to his perseverance as to his genius.
5. However he did not invent it overnight.
6. His friends too travelled all over the world from South America to India in search of a suitable fibre.

26. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

27. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

28. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

29. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

30. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (LAST) sentence after rearrangement ?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

Directions—(Q. 31 to 40) Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error or idiomatic error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (E). (Ignore errors of punctuation, if any.)

31. Senior citizens prefer (A) / banks which (B) / branches are located (C) / near their homes. (D) No error (E)

32. In the latest statistics (A) / China supplies more than (B) / ninety per cent of the (C) / steel imported by India. (D) No error (E)

33. We shall be calling a meeting (A) / next week to assess (B) / the causes of frequently (C) / delays in infrastructure projects. (D) No error (E)

34. Although it has received (A) / clearance from RBI the bank (B) / has decided not to open (C) / their office in Hongkong. (D) No error (E)

35. Most of the tribals (A) / in the region (B) / are depended on the forest (C) / to earn their livelihoods. (D) No error (E)

36. After graduating from college (A) / having an engineering degree (B) / he received a job offer (C) / from a reputed American firm. (D) No error (E)

37. In order for (A) / the scheme to be (B) / successful we require as (C) / much as twenty investors. (D) No error (E)

38. The insurance company has plans (A) / to hire 30,000 agents (B) / at a time when (C) / most companies are cutting jobs. (D) No error (E)

39. One of the important lesson (A) / he taught me was to save (B) / at least thirty per cent (C) / of my gross income. (D) No error (E)

40. Due to the financial crisis (A) / the price of foodgrains (B) / has risen sharply (C) / over the past few months. (D) No error (E)

Directions—(Q. 41 to 50) In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

One day an expert in time management was …(41)… to a group of business management students and to drive home a point he used and …(42)… they will never forget. As he stood in front of a group of brilliant students he said, "Okay it's …(43)… for a quiz." He then pulled out a one gallon jar and set it on the table in front of him. He also …(44)… a dozen fist sized rocks and carefully placed them one at a time into the jar. When the jar was filled to the top and …(45)… more rocks would fit inside, he asked, "Is the jar full ?" Everyone in the class …(46)… said 'Yes!'

The professor said nothing. He then …(47)… under the table and pulled out a bucket of gravel. He dumped some gravel into the jar and shook it …(48)… pieces of gravel to work themselves down into the spaces between the big rocks. He asked the group once more, "Is the jar full ?" 'Probably not.' some answered. 'Good !' he said and began …(49)… sand to the contents in the jar. The sand fitted into the spaces between the rocks and gravel. He also poured water into the jar. "What was the point of this exercise ?" he asked. "The point is that no matter how busy your schedule is you can always manage to fit something in." replied one student. 'No' said the professor, "The truth is if you don't fit in the rocks which symbolize the …(50)… things in your life like your family and your dreams first, you'll never have time for them."

41. (A) addressing
(B) conveying
(C) speaking
(D) discussing
(E) expressing

42. (A) imagination
(B) impression
(C) expression
(D) emblem
(E) illustration

43. (A) ready
(B) usual
(C) opportunity
(D) time
(E) scheduled

44. (A) made
(B) produced
(C) dug
(D) constructed
(E) ploughed

45. (A) any
(B) no
(C) few
(D) some
(E) much

46. (A) definite
(B) forcibly
(C) convince
(D) positive
(E) emphatically

47. (A) reached
(B) hid
(C) gone
(D) searching
(E) found

48. (A) making
(B) until
(C) causing
(D) while
(E) resulting

49. (A) filling
(B) pushing
(C) substituting
(D) adding
(E) stuffing

50. (A) important
(B) necessarily
(C) vitally
(D) ideal
(E) expensive

Answers :
1. (E) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (E) 6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (E) 9. (C) 10. (D)
11. (B) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (B) 15. (D) 16. (B) 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (E) 20. (A)
21. (B) 22. (A) 23. (E) 24. (D) 25. (E) 26. (B) 27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (E) 30. (C)
31. (B) 32. (A) 33. (C) 34. (D) 35. (C) 36. (B) 37. (D) 38. (D) 39. (A) 40. (A)
41. (C) 42. (E) 43. (D) 44. (B) 45. (B) 46. (E) 47. (A) 48. (C) 49. (D) 50. (A)


--
with warm regards


Harish Sati
Fortune Institute of International Business
Plot no. 5, Vasant Gaon, Rao Tula Ram Marg
Opp. R.R. Army Hospitial, New Delhi- 110057
Mobile No:- 09990646343
E-mail:- Harish.sati@gmail.com

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