For many years, the continent Africa remained unexplored and unknown. The main reason was the inaccessibility to its interior region due to dense forests, wild -life savage tribals, deserts and barren solid hills. Many people tried to explore the land could not survive the dangers. David Living- stone is among those brave few who not only explored part of Africa but also lived among the tribals bringing them near to social milieu. While others explored with the idea of expanding their respective empires. Livingstone did so to explore its vast and mysterious hinterland, rivers and lakes. He was primarily a religious man and a medical practitioner who tried to help mankind with it.

Livingstone was born in Scotland and was educated to become a doctor and priest. His exploration started at the beginning of the year 1852. He explored an unknown river in Western Luanda. However, he was reduced to a skeleton during four years of traveling. By this time, he had become famous and when he returned to England for convalescing, entire London, along with Queen Victoria turned to welcome him. After a few days, he returned to Africa.

He discovered the origin of the River Nile in 1866. He again suffered many discomforts. He became too sick and could not even walk. He lost contact with rest of the world that grew anxious to know his whereabouts. Ultimately, it was Stanley, the American journalist, who found him after many efforts, but Livingstone had died in a tribal village in 1873. His body was brought to London and buried in West-minister with full honour.

151. Livingstone deserves credit for which of the following?

(1) For expanding his empire

(2) For enjoying the wild life of the continent

(3) For exploring part of Africa and living among the tribals

(4) For quenching his thirst for living in the company of nature

(5) None of these

152. What was the impact of four -year travelling on Livingstone?

(1) He could enjoy a social life among tribals' society

(2) He derived satisfaction with the exploration of an unknown river

(3) He derived satisfaction as he became very famous

(4) It badly affected his health

(5) None of these

153. Which of the following shows that Livingstone had become very famous?

(1) Queen Victoria along with the people of London had come to meet him

(2) Queen Victoria arranged for the medical expenses

(3) The tribals were grateful to him for his medical expenses

(4) He was assigned the task of a priest although he was a medical professional

(5) None of these

154. Why were people not aware to the existence of Africa?

(1) It was inaccessible due to oceanic reefs

(2) Its territory was covered with dense forests

(3) People outside the continent were chased away by native tribals

(4) Explorers were afraid of the risks involved

(5) None of these

155. Livingstone can best be described by which of the following?

(1) A person with an urge for exploration of unknown parts of the world

(2) A person with religious mindset

(3) A social reformer

(4) A warmhearted medical practitioner

(5) A famous priest popular among the British

156. Which of the following was/ were explored by Livingstone?

(a) A river in Western Luanda

(b) Scotland

(c) The origin of river Nile

(1) (a) and (b) only

(2) (b) and (c) only

(3) (a) and (c) only

(4) (a) only

(5) (b) only

157. The American journalist Stanley can be credited for which of the following?

(a) Performing the last rites of Livingstone's dead body.

(b) Relentless efforts for finding out the whereabouts of Living stone.

(c) The anxiety to explore undiscovered parts of the world.

(1) (a) and (b) only

(2) (b) and (c) only

(3) (a) and (c) only

(4) (b) only

(5) (c) only

158. Livingstone became too sick to walk and, as a result

(a) People in the world lost contact with him

(b) His whereabouts were not known.

(c) American journalist, Stanley could not locate him despite many efforts.

(1) (a) only

(2) (b) only

(3) (c) only

(4) (a) and (b) only

(5) None of these

159. In what way Livingstone's exploration efforts were different from those of others?

(1) Livingstone's exploration was restricted only to unknown rivers, whereas others explored dense forests

(2) Others explored with selfish motives; Livingstone explored to know the mysterious parts of the world

(3) Others explored new parts of the world for wealth, but Livingstone did so for religious purposes

(4) Being a medical practitioner he tied to explore medicines; others did for tribal population

(5) None of these

Directions (160-162): Choose the word which is most nearly the SAME in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

160. REST

(1) remainder

(2) relax

(3) respite

(4) discovery

(5) most

161. EXPLORATION

(1) execution

(2) cultivation

(3) foundation

(4) discovery

(5) assimilation

162. TURNED

(1) rotated

(2) twisted

(3) spinned

(4) revolved

(5) arrived

Directions (163-165): Choose the word which is most OPPOSITE in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

163. DENSE

(1) crowed

(2) dark

(3) sparse

(4) transparent

(5) opaque

164. BARREN

(1) uncultivated

(2) fertile

(3) forest

(4) unlevelled

(5) marshy

165. VAST

(1) miniature

(2) magnified

(3) enormous

(4) gigantic

(5) small

Directions (166-175): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it. The error, if any will be in one part of the sentence. The number of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (5), i.e. 'No Error'. (Ignore the errors of punctuation, if any).

166. The interrogation made by (1) / him hardly yield (2)/ any concrete conclusion (3)/ about the crime. (4)/ No error (5)

167. What you had said (1)/ about the employees was (2)/ found to be correct (3)/ but it could not be proved. (4)/ No error (5)

168. When you had started (1)/ the work, you should (2)/ ensure that you (3)/ concentrate on it. (4)/ No error (5)

169. If you have good (1)/ control over breathing (2)/ you can float (3)/ on water effortlessly.

(4) /No error (5)

170. The way to the fort (1)/ was too difficult that (2)/ we could not reach (3)/ the farthest point. (4)/ No error (5)

171. When we heard the name (1)/ of our leader uttered (2)/ respectfully by the foreigners (3)/ we felt pride of him. (4)/ No error (5)

172. It goes to his credit (1)/that he was a clean man (2)/ in politics as well as (3)/ his person dealings. (4)/ No error (5)

173. His strictly discipline (1)/ had made him (2)/ very unpopular among (3)/all the employees. (4)/ No error (5)

174. Jamshedji knew that (1)/ an industrial revolution can (2)/ only brought in the country (3)/ by setting up iron and steel industry. (4)/ No error (5)

175. He being the oldest son (1)/ has requested us (2)/ to look after the problem (3)/ faced by the father. (4)/ No error (5)

Directions (176-180): Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank to make the sentence meaningfully complete.

176. There is no need of any proof because everything is very________.

(1) obvious

(2) uncertain

(3) definite

(4) regular

(5) essential

177. Onions grow in ____ in this part and hence they are always very cheap here.

(1) demand

(2) abundance

(3) peak

(4) excessive

(5) dearth

178. Normally he is very ______ in his behaviour, but on that occasion he behaved very aggressively.

(1) rude

(2) obedient

(3) docile

(4) intolerant

(5) immature

179. If you ___ in advance, you will get some concession.

(1) buy

(2) work

(3) submit

(4) pay

(5) decide

180. I have in my album photographs of some of my very close friends __ I can never forget.

(1) that

(2) who

(3) whom

(4) which

(5) those

Directions (181-185): In each question below four words which are numbered (1), (2), (3) and

(4) have been printed of which, one may be wrongly spelt. The number of that word is the answer. If all the four words are correctly spelt, mark (5) i.e. "All Correct" as the answer.

181. (1) Discloser

(2) Indifference

(3) Cooperative

(4) Irreversible

(5) All Correct

182. (1) Repetition

(2) Conservative

(3) Acceptability

(4) Innovative

(5) All Correct

183. (1) Vigilant

(2) Judilee

(3) Receptive

(4) Possessive

(5) All Correct

184. (1) Decisive

(2) Destructive

(3) Accommodation

(4) Pioneer

(5) All Correct

185. (1) Compromising

(2) Enthusiasm

(3) Dislocation

(4) Immigration

(5) All Correct

Directions (186-190): Rearrange the following sentences (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them.

(a) They are not bothered to break rules of the society, laws and even relations.

(b) But one thing is certain. They will one day realize that this importance needs to be shifted.

(c) People are generally ready to go to any extent to possess these materialistic aspects.

(d) All this shift will certainly be in favour of good and socially desirable values.

(e) This is all because of the undue importance attached to these aspects.

(f) Money, comfort, luxuries have dominated all other considerations these days.

186. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?

(1) F

(2) E

(3) D

(4) C

(5) B

187. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (LAST) sentence after rearrangement?

(1) F

(2) E

(3) D

(4) C

(5) B

188. Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement?

(1) F

(2) E

(3) D

(4) C

(5) B

189. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?

(1) F

(2) E

(3) D

(4) C

(5) B

190. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement?

(1) F

(2) E

(3) D

(4) C

(5) B

Directions (191-200): In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against, each five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

Dr. Swaminathan is not only a (191) scientist but also an able administrator and an (192) organiser of projects. He has served the country by (193) many significant positions. His researches in the field of agriculture and his efforts for (194) the quality of wheat in particular, have (195) him laurels. Dr. Borlogue has highly (196) his works.

Dr. Swaminathan, is a honorary member of 14 important International Scientific Societies/ Councils including the Royal Society of London. Many Universities have (197) doctorate on him. In 1972, he was awarded "Padma Bhushan", Dr. Swaminathan (198) in work, not in popularity and that is the (199) he never came into so much (200).

191. (1) famous

(2) magnificent

(3) decisive

(4) renewed

(5) glorious

192. (1) insecure

(2) absolute

(3) overt

(4) incompetent

(5) efficient

193. (1) creating

(2) developing

(3) encouraging

(4) holding

(5) appointing

194. (1) magnifying

(2) growing

(3) improving

(4) judging

(5) deciding

195. (1) prospered

(2) won

(3) acquired

(4) made

(5) donated

196. (1) analysed

(2) appreciated

(3) cooperated

(4) recommended

(5) curtailed

197. (1) given

(2) registered

(3) conferred

(4) passed

(5) dictated

198. (1) aspires

(2) enjoys

(3) dedicates

(4) believes

(5) continues

199. (1) reason

(2) aim

(3) perspective

(4) way

(5) essence

200. (1) fame

(2) respect

(3) reputation

(4) disregard

(5) limelight

ANSWERS

151. (3), 152. (4), 153. (1), 154. (2), 155. (1), 156. (3), 157. (4), 158. (5), 159. (2), 160. (1)
161. (4), 162. (5), 163. (3), 164. (2), 165. (5), 166. (2), 167. (5), 168. (1), 169. (2), 170. (2)
171. (4), 172. (4), 173. (1), 174. (3), 175. (2), 176. (1), 177. (2), 178. (3), 179. (4), 180. (3)
181. (1), 182. (1), 183. (3), 184. (5), 185. (2), 186. (2), 187. (3), 188. (5), 189. (1), 190. (4)
191. (1), 192. (5), 193. (4), 194. (3), 195. (2), 196. (2), 197. (3), 198. (4), 199. (1), 200. (5)

--
with warm regards

Harish Sati
Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU)
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068

(M) + 91 - 9990646343 | (E-mail) Harish.sati@gmail.com



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